Zerit (Stavudine, d4T)

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Zerit (Stavudine, d4T)

The Basics | News | Research | Archive

See also: Drug Interactions | Medication Side Effects

Brand Name:	Zerit
Generic Name:	Stavudine, d4T
Adult Single Dose:	Patients weighing at least 133 lbs (60 kg): one 40-mg capsule (every 12 hours) Patients weighing less than 133 lbs (60 kg): one 30-mg capsule (every 12 hours)
Food & Liquid Restrictions:	None
Drug Class:	NRTI

The Basics

An Overview of Zerit (Stavudine, d4T) (Regularly Updated)
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From U.S. National Institutes of Health
Zerit (Stavudine, d4T) (January/February 2008)
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In Positively Aware, from Test Positive Aware Network
Stavudine (Zerit) (November 7, 2007)
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From AIDS InfoNet
Patient Information About Zerit (Stavudine, d4T) (PDF) (October 2007)
From Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
Zerit (Stavudine, d4T) (September 28, 2007)
Basic information on dosing schedules and side effects.
From U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
d4T (Stavudine, Zerit) (October 26, 2006)
From AIDS Treatment Data Network
Zerit (Stavudine) (May 2005)
To read PDF, click here
From The Center for AIDS
Drug Interactions: Stavudine (August 2004)
From Project Inform

News

Drop d4T From First-Line Therapy, WHO Advises Low-Income Countries – If You Can Afford To (August 8, 2006)
In aidsmap.com
FDA Tentatively Approves Generic Pediatric d4T for PEPFAR (December 22, 2005)
In Kaiser Daily HIV/AIDS Report, from Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation
Efavirenz, Stavudine Demand May Soon Exceed Supply in Developing World (March 4, 2005)
In Kaiser Daily HIV/AIDS Report, from Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation
South African Generic Drug Maker to Produce Country's First Generic Antiretroviral Drug (August 7, 2003)
In Kaiser Daily HIV/AIDS Report, from Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation
It's Time to Face the Zerit Problem (March 2003)
Nelson Vergel urges Bristol-Myers Squibb to do more to minimize the lipoatrophy effects of d4T (stavudine, Zerit), and recommends it no longer be used as first-line treatment in the meantime.
In GMHC Treatment Issues, from Gay Men's Health Crisis
FDA Approves Zerit Once Daily, Extended Release Formulation (January 10, 2003)
To read PDF, click here
In STEP Ezine, from Seattle Treatment Education Project
Zerit XR Enters the Home Stretch (December 2002)
In GMHC Treatment Issues, from Gay Men's Health Crisis
d4T and Lactic Acidosis With Neuromuscular Weakness: FDA Warning (March 8, 2002)
In AIDS Treatment News, from AIDS Treatment News
Changes in Zerit Product Labeling Reflect Potential Safety Concerns (February 2002)
From U.S. Food and Drug Administration
FDA/Bristol Myers Squibb Issues Caution for HIV Combination Therapy With Zerit and Videx in Pregnant Women (January 5, 2001)
From U.S. Food and Drug Administration
ddI, d4T and Hydroxyurea Side Effect Warning! (April 2000)
In Project Inform Perspective, from Project Inform
Initial Therapy With d4T or 3TC Appears to Confer Survival Benefit (April 1998)
In HIV Newsline, from San Francisco General Hospital

Research

HIV JournalView: Study Ties Insulin Resistance to NRTIs, Not PIs (September 2005)
d4T and 3TC are associated with insulin resistance and high insulin levels; indinavir is associated only with elevated insulin levels; and no link to insulin abnormalities is found for AZT or ddI.
From The Body PRO
Abacavir Is Not Associated With the Metabolic Changes Seen in Patients Treated With Stavudine (February 24, 2005)
In The 12th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, from The Body PRO
Both Tenofovir and Stavudine Well Tolerated in HCV-Coinfected Patients (July 12, 2004)
In The XV International AIDS Conference, from The Body PRO
Micronutrient Supplement Can Improve d4T-, ddI-Related Neuropathy, Study Says (March/April 2004)
In Positively Aware, from Test Positive Aware Network
Predicting Lipoatrophy After Treatment Initiation (February 9, 2004)
In The 11th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, from The Body PRO
Improvement in Lipoatrophy Associated With Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patients Switched from Stavudine to Abacavir or Zidovudine: The Results of the TARHEEL Study (January 15, 2004)
When people who had developed lipoatrohpy while taking d4T (stavudine, Zerit) switched to abacavir (Ziagen) or AZT (zidovudine, Retrovir), their condition improved.
In Clinical Infectious Diseases
A Comparison of AZT/3TC vs. d4T/ddI, Plus Efavirenz, Nevirapine or Indinavir/Ritonavir (September 15, 2003)
In The 43rd Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, from The Body PRO
For Potency Tenofovir Equals d4T but Tenofovir Beats d4T With Less Frequent and Common Side Effects (July 14, 2003)
In The 2nd International AIDS Society Conference on HIV Pathogenesis and Treatment, from The Body PRO
Forty-Eight Week Data From FTC-d4T Comparison in Treatment-Naive Patients (July 14, 2003)
In The 2nd International AIDS Society Conference on HIV Pathogenesis and Treatment, from The Body PRO
More Results Reported on Study 903: Tenofovir + 3TC + Efavirenz Vs. d4T + 3TC + Efavirenz (July 14, 2003)
In The 2nd International AIDS Society Conference on HIV Pathogenesis and Treatment, from The Body PRO
Substituting AZT or Abacavir for d4T in Patients With Lipoatrophy (July 14, 2003)
In The 2nd International AIDS Society Conference on HIV Pathogenesis and Treatment, from The Body PRO
Trizivir Causes Lowest Triglycerides Rise in Comparison With Combivir + Nelfinavir or d4T (July 14, 2003)
In The 2nd International AIDS Society Conference on HIV Pathogenesis and Treatment, from The Body PRO
Improvements in Body Fat and Mitochondrial DNA Levels Are Accompanied by Decreased Adipose Tissue Cell Apoptosis After Replacement of Stavudine Therapy With Either Abacavir or Zidovudine (February 13, 2003)
In The 10th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, from The Body PRO
Lack of Interaction Between Stavudine Extended-Release Formulation and Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (February 12, 2003)
In The 10th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, from The Body PRO
Efficacy and Safety of Tenofovir DF Versus Stavudine When Used in Combination With Lamivudine and Efavirenz in Antiretroviral-Naive Patients: 96-Week Preliminary Interim Results (February 11, 2003)
In The 10th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, from The Body PRO
New Questions About an Old Combination -- ddI + d4T (January 2003)
To read PDF, click here
In Project Inform Perspective, from Project Inform
Approval of Zerit XR, a New Formulation That Allows Once-a-Day Dosing (December 31, 2002)
From U.S. Food and Drug Administration
Research From the 42nd ICAAC: A Nucleoside (FTC) and a Nucleotide (Tenofovir) Outdo d4T (December 2002)
In IAPAC Monthly, from International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care
Comparison of the Efficacy and Safety of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Versus Stavudine When Used in Combination With Lamivudine and Efavirenz in HIV-1 Infected Patients Naive to Antiretroviral Therapy After 48 Weeks of Treatment (November 21, 2002)
In The 6th International Congress on Drug Therapy in HIV Infection, from The Body PRO
Genotypic and Phenotypic Characterization of Virologic Failure Through 48 Weeks Among Treatment-Naive Patients Taking Tenofovir DF or Stavudine in Combination With Lamivudine and Efavirenz (November 21, 2002)
In The 6th International Congress on Drug Therapy in HIV Infection, from The Body PRO
Intracellular Metabolism of AZT Leads to the Production of Significant Levels of d4T Triphosphate in HIV Infected Patients (November 19, 2002)
In The 6th International Congress on Drug Therapy in HIV Infection, from The Body PRO
Successful Switch From Stavudine to Once-Daily Tenofovir Based Regimen in Patients With Fully Suppressed HIV (October 26, 2002)
In 40th Annual Meeting of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, from The Body PRO
The Case Against Zerit (October 2002)
Research increasingly points to NRTIs -- particularly d4T -- as a likely culprit in metabolic disorders.
In GMHC Treatment Issues, from Gay Men's Health Crisis
Effect of Stavudine, Zidovudine and HIV Protease Inhibitor Therapy on Subcutaneous Leg Fat Wasting in HIV-Infected Males -- A Longitudinal Study (September 25, 2002)
In 4th International Workshop on Adverse Drug Reactions and Lipodystrophy in HIV, from The Body PRO
Prospective Study of Regional Body Composition in Antiretroviral-Naive Subjects Randomized to Receive Zidovudine + Lamivudine or Didanosine + Stavudine Combined With Nelfinavir, Efavirenz or Both: A5005s, a Substudy of ACTG 384 (September 25, 2002)
In 4th International Workshop on Adverse Drug Reactions and Lipodystrophy in HIV, from The Body PRO
Lack of Recurrence of Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Hyperlactatemia When Stavudine Is Replaced by Either Abacavir or Zidovudine: 48-Week Data (September 24, 2002)
In 4th International Workshop on Adverse Drug Reactions and Lipodystrophy in HIV, from The Body PRO
FTC Superiority Over d4T in Phase III Trial (September/October 2002)
To read PDF, click here
In Positively Aware, from Test Positive Aware Network
Efficacy and Safety of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Versus Stavudine When Used in Combination With Lamivudine and Efavirenz in HIV-1 Infected Patients Naive to Antiretroviral Therapy: 48-Week Interim Results (July 12, 2002)
In The XIV International AIDS Conference, from The Body PRO
d4T (stavudine, Zerit): New Once-a-Day Formulation (March 2002)
In Project Inform Perspective, from Project Inform
Studies Examine Switching Off d4T to Reverse Lipoatrophy (February 26, 2002)
In The 9th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, from The Body PRO
Switching Stavudine or Zidovudine to Abacavir for HIV Lipoatrophy: A Randomized, Controlled, Open-Label, Multicentre, 24-Week Study (February 25, 2002)
In The 9th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, from The Body PRO
Diverse Effects of NRTI-Associated Mutations on Resistance to Abacavir, Stavudine and Zidovudine in the ZORRO Trial (December 18, 2001)
In 41st Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (ICAAC 2001), from The Body PRO
Pancreatitis: An Emerging Complication of HCV Treatment in HIV Co-Infected Patients Treated With Didanosine/Stavudine Containing Regimens (December 17, 2001)
In 41st Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (ICAAC 2001), from The Body PRO
Long-Term Follow-Up of Antiretroviral-Naive HIV-Infected Patients Treated with d4T and ddI (QD) and Nevirapine (BID or QD) in the VIRGO Study (October 29, 2001)
In 8th European Conference on Clinical Aspects and Treatment of HIV-Infection, from The Body PRO
Prospective Study of Hyperlipidemia in ART-Naive Subjects Taking Abacavir/Combivir/Nelfinavir, or Lamivudine/Stavudine/NFV (GSK Protocol ESS40002) (October 26, 2001)
In 3rd International Workshop on Adverse Drug Reactions and Lipodystrophy in HIV, from The Body PRO
Efficacy and Safety of Switch to 3TC 300 mg QD vs. Continued 3TC 150 mg BID in Subjects with Virologic Suppression on Stable 3TC/d4T/PI Therapy (COLA4005): Final 24-Week Results (February 6, 2001)
In The 8th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, from The Body PRO
Phosphorylation of Zidovudine, Stavudine, and Abacavir in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Treatment-Naive and Treatment-Experienced Patients (February 5, 2001)
In The 8th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, from The Body PRO
Lactic Acidosis and Hepatic Steatosis Associated With Use of Stavudine: Report of Four Cases (August 1, 2000)
In Annals of Internal Medicine
Two Studies Shed Light on Development of d4T Resistance (July 13, 2000)
In The XIII International AIDS Conference, from The Body PRO
Studies Suggest Nevirapine Can Be Dosed Either Once or Twice Daily; Effective at Both High and Low Viral Loads (July 11, 2000)
In The XIII International AIDS Conference, from The Body PRO
Stavudine for the Treatment of HIV Neurocognitive Impairment (June 29 and July 2, 1998)
In The 12th International AIDS Conference, from The Body PRO
A Randomized Double-Blind Study of d4T + ddI versus ZDV + ddI as Initial Treatment in Subjects with CD4 Count <= 500 cells/mm³ (February 4, 1998)
In The 5th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, from The Body PRO
Therapy with d4T plus 3TC Produces Sustained Undetectable Levels of Plasma HIV RNA in Patients Treated with Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors for 10 Years (February 4, 1998)
In The 5th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, from The Body PRO
Antiviral Activity and Acceptance of Two Different Triple Combinations (February 3, 1998)
In The 5th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, from The Body PRO
Combination Therapy With AZT + 3TC + Indinavir vs. d4T + 3TC + Indinavir in Pretreated Patients With Less Than 200 CD4/mm³ (February 3, 1998)
In The 5th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, from The Body PRO
d4T+3TC Versus AZT+3TC: Shattering the Synergy Story (February 3, 1998)
In The 5th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, from The Body PRO
The START Trials (February 3, 1998)
In The 5th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, from The Body PRO
Should AZT and d4T Be Used Together? (February 2, 1998)
In The 5th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, from The Body PRO
The Role of d4T in Initial Combination Regimens (February 2, 1998)
In The 5th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, from The Body PRO

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