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Retrovir (Zidovudine, AZT)
| Brand Name: |
Retrovir |
| Generic Name: |
Zidovudine, AZT |
| Adult Single Dose: |
One 300-mg tablet (twice a day) |
| Food & Liquid Restrictions: |
None |
| Drug Class: |
NRTI |
The Basics
- An Overview of Retrovir (Zidovudine, AZT) (Regularly Updated)
To read PDF, click here
From U.S. National Institutes of Health
- Zidovudine (Retrovir, AZT) (August 23, 2009)
To read PDF, click here
From AIDS InfoNet
- Retrovir (March/April 2009)
To read PDF, click here
In Positively Aware, from Test Positive Aware Network
- AZT (Retrovir, Zidovudine, ZDV) (September 28, 2008)
Basic information on dosing schedules and side effects.
From U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
- Patient Information About Retrovir (Zidovudine, AZT) Oral Solution (PDF) (September 2008)
From GlaxoSmithKline
- AZT (zidovudine, Retrovir) (October 19, 2006)
From AIDS Treatment Data Network
- Patient Information About Retrovir (Zidovudine, AZT) IV Infusion (PDF) (October 2006)
From GlaxoSmithKline
- Retrovir (Zidovudine) (November 2005)
To read PDF, click here
From The Center for AIDS
- Approval of Generic Zidovudine (September 20, 2005)
[Archived Article]
From U.S. Food and Drug Administration
- Drug Interactions: Zidovudine (August 2004)
[Archived Article]
From Project Inform
- AZT: A Hard Pill To Swallow! Some Reasons for It, Some Against (Winter 1996)
[Archived Article]
In Women Alive Newsletter, from Women Alive
- Antiretroviral Therapy Positives and Negatives (Autumn 1995)
[Archived Article]
From ACT UP/Philadelphia's Standard of Care document.
In Women Alive Newsletter, from Women Alive
News
- New Dosing Recommendations Retrovir (Zidovudine) Syrup for HIV-Infected Infants (November 6, 2009)
From U.S. Food and Drug Administration
- GlaxoSmithKline Announces New Program to Provide Financial Assistance for Eligible HIV Patients in the U.S. (November 11, 2008)
If you live in the United States, use private health insurance and take Combivir (AZT/3TC), Epzicom (abacavir/3TC, Kivexa), Lexiva (fosamprenavir, Telzir) or another HIV drug made by GlaxoSmithKline, you may have a chance to save a nice chunk of change.
From GlaxoSmithKline
- FDA Approves First Generic HIV/AIDS Drug in Capsule Form for United States Market (March 31, 2006)
From U.S. Food and Drug Administration
- A Bitter-Sweet Pill (March 2006)
The first ever HIV drug, AZT, has a checkered history. What's next for the drug as it comes off patent in the UK?.
From Positive Nation
- FDA Approves Four Generic Forms of Zidovudine for U.S. Sales After Retrovir's Patent Expires (September 21, 2005)
[Archived Article]
In Kaiser Daily HIV/AIDS Report, from Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation
- GlaxoSmithKline's Patent on Retrovir Expires; Generic Versions of AZT Expected to Be Available Soon (September 20, 2005)
[Archived Article]
In Kaiser Daily HIV/AIDS Report, from Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation
- Zidovudine Generic Oral Solution Approved in United States (September 20, 2005)
[Archived Article]
In CDC HIV/Hepatitis/STD/TB Prevention News Update, from U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Aurobindo Receives Tentative FDA Approval to Produce Generic Pediatric Version of AZT (Retrovir) for PEPFAR (September 12, 2005)
[Archived Article]
In Kaiser Daily HIV/AIDS Report, from Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation
- FDA Grants Tentative Approval for First Generic Version of AZT for Use in Developing World (July 15, 2005)
[Archived Article]
In CDC HIV/Hepatitis/STD/TB Prevention News Update, from U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- WHO Removes Cipla's Lamivudine, Zidovudine Generics From Approved Drug List (June 16, 2004)
In Kaiser Daily HIV/AIDS Report, from Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation
- Chinese Government Approves Sale of a Domestic AIDS Drug (August 13, 2002)
[Archived Article]
In CDC HIV/Hepatitis/STD/TB Prevention News Update, from U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Simplified AZT Regimen Cuts Maternal-Infant Transmission in Half (March 6, 1998)
[Archived Article]
In AIDS Treatment News, from AIDS Treatment News
- The Problem With AZT (Spring 1998)
[Archived Article]
In Women Alive Newsletter, from Women Alive
- AZT in New Strength (Spring 1997)
[Archived Article]
In Women Alive Newsletter, from Women Alive
- Dethroning AZT (February 1997)
[Archived Article]
In GMHC Treatment Issues, from Gay Men's Health Crisis
- AZT Twice-Daily Tablets Approved; Dosing Concerns (November 15, 1996)
[Archived Article]
In AIDS Treatment News, from AIDS Treatment News
- AZT, ddI, and ddC Combinations at FDA Advisory Hearing (April 5, 1996)
[Archived Article]
In AIDS Treatment News, from AIDS Treatment News
- Recommendations of the U.S. Public Health Service Task Force on the Use of Zidovudine to Reduce Perinatal Transmission of HIV
[Archived Article]
Research
- Studies Raise Possible Long-Term Concern for Infants Exposed to Retrovir in Womb (April 16, 2007)
From aidsmap.com
- HIV JournalView: Study Ties Insulin Resistance to NRTIs, Not PIs (September 2005)
d4T and 3TC are associated with insulin resistance and high insulin levels; indinavir is associated only with elevated insulin levels; and no link to insulin abnormalities is found for AZT or ddI.
From The Body PRO
- Incidence of Zidovudine-Associated Anemia May Be Lower Than Initially Thought -- Particularly With Fixed-Dose Combinations (July 26, 2005)
In The 3rd International AIDS Society Conference on HIV Pathogenesis and Treatment
- HIV-Positive Mothers Should Continue AZT Prophylaxis After Childbirth, Study Says (October 3, 2004)
[Archived Article]
A study finds a brief jump in breast milk viral load following AZT cessation.
From aidsmap.com
- Improvement in Lipoatrophy Associated With Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patients Switched from Stavudine to Abacavir or Zidovudine: The Results of the TARHEEL Study (January 15, 2004)
[Archived Article]
When people who had developed lipoatrohpy while taking d4T (stavudine, Zerit) switched to abacavir (Ziagen) or AZT (zidovudine, Retrovir), their condition improved.
In Clinical Infectious Diseases
- Mother-to-Child Transmission: How Will AZT and Nevirapine Use for MTCT Affect Future Treatment? (Winter 2003/2004)
[Archived Article]
To read PDF, click here
In Bulletin of Experimental Treatments for AIDS, from San Francisco AIDS Foundation
- No PK Interaction Seen Between FTC and AZT or Tenofovir (September 16, 2003)
[Archived Article]
In The 43rd Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, from The Body PRO
- A Comparison of AZT/3TC vs. d4T/ddI, Plus Efavirenz, Nevirapine or Indinavir/Ritonavir (September 15, 2003)
[Archived Article]
In The 43rd Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, from The Body PRO
- Abacavir Not Inferior to AZT in Treatment-Naive Patients (September 14, 2003)
[Archived Article]
In The 43rd Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, from The Body PRO
- Nevirapine Reduced Mother-to-Child Transmission Better Than AZT -- At 70 Times Less Cost (September 12, 2003)
[Archived Article]
In AIDS Treatment News, from AIDS Treatment News
- Substituting AZT or Abacavir for d4T in Patients With Lipoatrophy (July 14, 2003)
[Archived Article]
In The 2nd International AIDS Society Conference on HIV Pathogenesis and Treatment, from The Body PRO
- Improvements in Body Fat and Mitochondrial DNA Levels Are Accompanied by Decreased Adipose Tissue Cell Apoptosis After Replacement of Stavudine Therapy With Either Abacavir or Zidovudine (February 13, 2003)
[Archived Article]
In The 10th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, from The Body PRO
- Intracellular Metabolism of AZT Leads to the Production of Significant Levels of d4T Triphosphate in HIV Infected Patients (November 19, 2002)
[Archived Article]
In The 6th International Congress on Drug Therapy in HIV Infection, from The Body PRO
- Effect of Stavudine, Zidovudine and HIV Protease Inhibitor Therapy on Subcutaneous Leg Fat Wasting in HIV-Infected Males -- A Longitudinal Study (September 25, 2002)
[Archived Article]
In 4th International Workshop on Adverse Drug Reactions and Lipodystrophy in HIV, from The Body PRO
- Prospective Study of Regional Body Composition in Antiretroviral-Naive Subjects Randomized to Receive Zidovudine + Lamivudine or Didanosine + Stavudine Combined With Nelfinavir, Efavirenz or Both: A5005s, a Substudy of ACTG 384 (September 25, 2002)
[Archived Article]
In 4th International Workshop on Adverse Drug Reactions and Lipodystrophy in HIV, from The Body PRO
- Lack of Recurrence of Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Hyperlactatemia When Stavudine Is Replaced by Either Abacavir or Zidovudine: 48-Week Data (September 24, 2002)
[Archived Article]
In 4th International Workshop on Adverse Drug Reactions and Lipodystrophy in HIV, from The Body PRO
- Thai Hospital Claims Reduced Mother-Baby Transmission (July 30, 2002)
[Archived Article]
In CDC HIV/Hepatitis/STD/TB Prevention News Update, from U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Nevirapine During Labor and in the Neonate Significantly Improves Zidovudine Prophylaxis for the Prevention of Perinatal HIV Transmission: Results of PHPT-2 First Interim Analysis (July 12, 2002)
[Archived Article]
In The XIV International AIDS Conference, from The Body PRO
- Pharmacodynamic Effects of Zidovudine 600 mg Once Daily Versus Zidovudine 300 mg Twice Daily in Therapy-Naive HIV-Infected Patients (COD20002) (July 11, 2002)
[Archived Article]
In The XIV International AIDS Conference, from The Body PRO
- Durability and Tolerability of the Triple NRTI Regimen Abacavir/Zidovudine/Lamivudine Based on Therapy Changes in Antiretroviral Therapy-Naive Patients in the Frankfurt HIV Cohort (July 9, 2002)
[Archived Article]
In The XIV International AIDS Conference, from The Body PRO
- Zidovudine and Lamivudine Seminal Plasma: Blood Plasma Concentration Ratios Do Not Predict Total SP Exposure (July 9, 2002)
[Archived Article]
In The XIV International AIDS Conference, from The Body PRO
- New Zidovudine-Resistant HIV Found in Treatment-Naive Patients (December 2001)
[Archived Article]
In HEPP News, from Brown Medical School
- Phosphorylation of Zidovudine, Stavudine, and Abacavir in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Treatment-Naive and Treatment-Experienced Patients (February 5, 2001)
[Archived Article]
In The 8th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, from The Body PRO
- AZT and d4T Cross-Resistance (August 8, 2000)
[Archived Article]
In STEP Ezine, from Seattle Treatment Education Project
- Two Studies Shed Light on Development of d4T Resistance (July 13, 2000)
[Archived Article]
In The XIII International AIDS Conference, from The Body PRO
- Reassuring Findings About Infants Exposed to Zidovudine (January 12, 1999)
[Archived Article]
From U.S. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
- Perinatal HIV-1 Transmission: Interaction between Zidovudine Prevention and Mode of Delivery in the French Perinatal Cohort (June 27, 1998)
[Archived Article]
In The 12th International AIDS Conference, from The Body PRO
- A Randomized Double-Blind Study of d4T + ddI versus ZDV + ddI as Initial Treatment in Subjects with CD4 Count <= 500 cells/mm3 (February 4, 1998)
[Archived Article]
In The 5th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, from The Body PRO
- Combination Therapy With AZT + 3TC + Indinavir vs. d4T + 3TC + Indinavir in Pretreated Patients With Less Than 200 CD4/mm3 (February 3, 1998)
[Archived Article]
In The 5th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, from The Body PRO
- d4T+3TC Versus AZT+3TC: Shattering the Synergy Story (February 3, 1998)
[Archived Article]
In The 5th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, from The Body PRO
- The START Trials (February 3, 1998)
[Archived Article]
In The 5th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, from The Body PRO
- Should AZT and d4T Be Used Together? (February 2, 1998)
[Archived Article]
In The 5th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, from The Body PRO
- NIH Panel Examines Consequences of AZT in Pregnancy (January 1997)
[Archived Article]
In GMHC Treatment Issues, from Gay Men's Health Crisis
- Important Information on the Combination of Zidovudine (ZDV) and Stavudine (d4T) in ZDV-Experienced HIV-Infected Patients (November 22, 1996)
[Archived Article]
From International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care
- Message from CPCRA 007 and other combination studies; AZT resistant virus more virulent than wild-type? (March, 1996)
[Archived Article]
In TAGline, from Treatment Action Group
- Back to the Nukes (February 1996)
[Archived Article]
In GMHC Treatment Issues, from Gay Men's Health Crisis
- Lamivudine Approved for Combination Use with AZT (December 1, 1995)
[Archived Article]
In AIDS Treatment News, from AIDS Treatment News
- AZT Delta Study: Major European/Australian Study Finds Combinations Better Than AZT Alone (October 6, 1995)
[Archived Article]
In AIDS Treatment News, from AIDS Treatment News
- AZT Monotherapy Dethroned (October, 1995)
[Archived Article]
In TAGline, from Treatment Action Group
- Major Study Shows AZT Monotherapy Inferior (September 29, 1995)
[Archived Article]
In AIDS Treatment News, from AIDS Treatment News
- When (Not) to Start Antiretroviral Treatment (September 1994)
[Archived Article]
In TAGline, from Treatment Action Group
- Antiretroviral Analyses Confound More Than They Clarify (May 1994)
[Archived Article]
In TAGline, from Treatment Action Group
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