Condom Use Inconsistent for High-Risk Heterosexuals: Survey Conducted in 10 U.S. States

A recently presented CDC analysis of the 2002 HIV Testing Survey -- an anonymous, cross-sectional study in 10 states -- found safe sex messages continue to be ignored by many high-risk individuals. Three at-risk populations were surveyed: injection drug users, men who have sex with men, and high-risk heterosexuals.

"For this study, we focused on high-risk heterosexuals, who were recruited at STD clinics," said Kathleen M. Gallagher, DSC, MPH, a CDC epidemiologist. "Then, we collected patient information about sexual and drug-use behaviors that could ultimately result in HIV transmission."

Of the study's 1,225 heterosexuals, 54 percent were male; 61 percent were black; 12 percent were white; 17 percent were Hispanic; and 61 percent were ages 18-24. Of the approximately 61 percent who reported having sex with primary partners within the last year, the majority used condoms inconsistently with those partners. Of the 51 percent who reported having sex with non-primary partners during the previous year, 64 percent reported inconsistent condom use, said Gallagher.

Condom use increased for non-primary partners, a finding consistent with other studies, Gallagher said. Partner serostatus was not known; this could help explain the inconsistent condom use among primary partners, she said: "If they're negative and their partner is negative, maybe they don't feel it's necessary." However, 35 percent of respondents reported sex with both a primary and nonprimary partner. Younger people used condoms more consistently than older people, she said.

"We know that correct and consistent use of condoms can prevent HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases, and there are a lot of people who are not getting that message or who are choosing not to use that information," said Gallagher. Of direct CDC funds to 141 community-based organizations, 63 target high-risk heterosexuals, Gallagher said. Findings of the study were presented during the 2004 annual meeting of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, held Sept. 30-Oct. 3 in Boston.

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