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HIV 101: Common Toxicities Among ARVs

From Brown Medical School

June 2003

A note from TheBody.com: Since this article was written, the HIV pandemic has changed, as has our understanding of HIV/AIDS and its treatment. As a result, parts of this article may be outdated. Please keep this in mind, and be sure to visit other parts of our site for more recent information!

Agent Possible Class Toxicities Additional Toxicities
NRTI
Abacavir (ABC, Ziagen) Mitochondrial toxicity (pancreatitis, peripheral neuropathy, lactic acidosis) and lipodystrophy Hypersensitivity reaction
Didanosine (ddI, Videx) Mitochondrial toxicity (pancreatitis, peripheral neuropathy, lactic acidosis) and lipodystrophy Pancreatitis, peripheral neuropathy
Lamivudine (3TC, Epivir) Mitochondrial toxicity (pancreatitis, peripheral neuropathy, lactic acidosis) and lipodystrophy Pancreatitis
Stavudine (d4T, Zerit) Mitochondrial toxicity (pancreatitis, peripheral neuropathy, lactic acidosis) and lipodystrophy Peripheral neuropathy, pancreatitis, hepatoxicity
Zalcitabine (ddC, Hivid) Mitochondrial toxicity (pancreatitis, peripheral neuropathy, lactic acidosis) and lipodystrophy Pancreatitis, peripheral neuropathy, oral apthae
Zidovudine (AZT, Retrovir) Mitochondrial toxicity (pancreatitis, peripheral neuropathy, lactic acidosis) and lipodystrophy Anemia, leukopenia, neutropenia, myositis
NtRTI
Tenofovir (TDF, Viread)   Lactic acidosis
NNRTI
Delavirdine (DLV, Rescriptor) Hepatotoxicity; potential to cause rash  
Efavirenz (EFV, Sustiva) Hepatotoxicity; potential to cause rash Hyperlipidemia
Nevirapine (NVP, Viramune) Hepatotoxicity; potential to cause rash  
PI
Amprenavir (APV, Agenerase) Hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and lipodystrophy. Increased risk for osteopenia and osteoporosis.  
Indinavir (IDV, Crixivan) Hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and lipodystrophy. Increased risk for osteopenia and osteoporosis. Hepatitis
Nelfinavir (NFV, Viracept) Hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and lipodystrophy. Increased risk for osteopenia and osteoporosis.  
Ritonavir (RTV, Norvir) Hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and lipodystrophy. Increased risk for osteopenia and osteoporosis. Hepatitis
Saquinavir (SQV, Invirase, Fortovase) Hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and lipodystrophy. Increased risk for osteopenia and osteoporosis.  
Lopinavir/Ritonavir (LPV/RTV, Kaletra) Hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and lipodystrophy. Increased risk for osteopenia and osteoporosis.  
Adapted from Bartlett, et al. 2001-2002 Medical Management of HIV Infection; and Sande, et al. The Sanford Guide to HIV/AIDS Therapy, 2002, Eleventh Edition.


Back to the HEPP Report June 2003 contents page.

A note from TheBody.com: Since this article was written, the HIV pandemic has changed, as has our understanding of HIV/AIDS and its treatment. As a result, parts of this article may be outdated. Please keep this in mind, and be sure to visit other parts of our site for more recent information!


  
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This article was provided by Brown Medical School. It is a part of the publication HEPP Report.
 
See Also
Side Effect Chart: An Abbreviated, At-a-Glance Guide to HIV Drug Side Effects
More on HIV Medication Side Effects

 

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